Calculateur d'épargne retraite
Estimez votre épargne retraite avec des versements mensuels, une croissance composée et un âge de retraite cible.
FAQ
- De combien ai-je besoin pour prendre ma retraite ?
- Une règle empirique courante est la règle des 25x : multipliez vos dépenses annuelles prévues par 25 pour obtenir votre capital cible. Cela repose sur le taux de retrait sécurisé de 4 % — l'idée que vous pouvez retirer 4 % de votre portefeuille annuellement avec un faible risque de manquer d'argent sur 30 ans de retraite.
- Quel rendement annuel dois-je utiliser ?
- Le S&P 500 a historiquement rapporté environ 10 % par an nominalement, soit ~7 % après inflation. 7 % est une hypothèse de planification couramment utilisée pour un portefeuille d'actions diversifié sur un long horizon. Utilisez un chiffre plus bas (5 à 6 %) pour une estimation plus prudente ou un portefeuille mixte actions/obligations.
- Cela tient-il compte de l'inflation ?
- Ce calculateur utilise des rendements nominaux (avant inflation). Pour obtenir un pouvoir d'achat réel, utilisez un taux de rendement réel (soustrayez l'inflation estimée de votre rendement attendu). Si vous attendez 7 % de rendement nominal et 3 % d'inflation, utilisez 4 % comme taux pour des projections ajustées à l'inflation.
- Qu'est-ce que la règle des 4 % ?
- La règle des 4 % suggère que vous pouvez retirer en toute sécurité 4 % de votre portefeuille la première année de retraite, puis ajuster ce montant à l'inflation chaque année, avec une forte probabilité que l'argent dure 30 ans. Un portefeuille d'1 000 000 € permettrait de retirer 40 000 €/an selon cette règle.
À PROPOS DE CET OUTIL
Enter your current retirement savings, a planned monthly contribution, an expected annual return, and the age you plan to retire, and the calculator projects your total balance at retirement using compound growth. It also works in reverse, solving for the monthly contribution needed to hit a specific target by a specific age. Because returns compound on both your contributions and previous gains, starting earlier has an outsized effect — a dollar contributed in your twenties has decades longer to grow than the same dollar contributed in your forties. The projection is only as reliable as the assumed rate of return, which real markets never deliver as a smooth, guaranteed line year after year.
COMMENT UTILISER
- Enter your current retirement savings balance.
- Enter your planned monthly contribution.
- Enter an expected average annual rate of return.
- Enter your current age and target retirement age.
- Review the projected balance at retirement.
- Switch to solving for the required monthly contribution if you have a specific target amount instead.
CAS D'USAGE COURANTS
- Someone in their twenties or thirties checking whether their current 401(k) contribution rate is on pace for retirement.
- Deciding how much of a raise should go toward increased retirement contributions versus other goals.
- Comparing the projected outcome of retiring at 62 versus 67 with the same contribution rate.
- Estimating how much an employer match effectively adds to total monthly contributions.
- Checking how a more conservative expected return assumption changes the retirement timeline.
CONSEILS ET ERREURS COURANTES
- Starting a decade earlier often matters more than contributing a larger amount later, purely due to compounding.
- Include any employer matching contribution in the monthly amount, since it's part of the real account growth.
- Expected return is an assumption, not a guarantee — run the calculation at a couple of different rates to see a range rather than trusting one fixed number.
- This tool projects raw account growth without inflation, so consider running the resulting balance through an inflation calculator to see its future purchasing power.
AUTRES QUESTIONS
- What rate of return should I assume for the projection?
- Long-term market averages are commonly used as a rough planning assumption, but actual annual returns vary widely and are never guaranteed. It's more useful to test a conservative and an optimistic rate side by side than to anchor on a single assumed number.
- Does this account for taxes on withdrawals?
- No, it projects the account's raw growth. Tax treatment depends on the account type — traditional accounts are typically taxed on withdrawal while Roth accounts generally aren't — so factor that in separately based on where the money is held.
- How much does retiring five years earlier actually cost in the projection?
- It means fewer years of contributions and compounding growth, plus more years the balance needs to last. Run both target ages through the calculator and compare the projected balances directly to see the real gap.
- Why do two people who contribute the same total amount end up with different balances?
- Timing matters more than the total contributed. Money put in earlier in the timeline compounds for longer, so someone who front-loaded contributions will generally end up with more than someone who contributed the same total amount later.